When planning for a landscape lighting project, there are many factors to consider when choosing a luminaire. In ground outdoor lights, also called in grade or well lights, come in a wide variety of shapes, sizes, wattages, and colour temperatures; and each is suitable for different parts of a landscaping project.
In ground outdoor lighting is a type of outdoor lighting that is installed below ground — they’re placed in a hole that is dug into the ground — and the top of the fixture sits level with the surface of the ground, giving the luminaire a concealed look. Above ground lighting can also be used outdoors, but after installation the finished look differs from in grade lighting because they don’t have the same seamless look. As the name suggests, above ground lights are luminaires that, after installed, protrude from the ground and are less easily concealed. In ground lights are commonly used to illuminate a variety of outdoor locations, such as walkways, driveways, and landscaping features, such as trees, gardens, hardscape, and aquatic features.
A huge advantage of in grade lighting is that since they’re installed flush with the ground, they are less likely to be damaged by foot traffic, lawnmowers, or other outdoor equipment. Additionally, most in ground lighting fixtures are designed to be weather-resistant, which means they can withstand harsh outdoor conditions without deteriorating.
Accent lights are small in ground lights designed to highlight specific landscape features such as small trees, shrubs, and flower beds, or hardscape features such as steps, stairs, and small sculptures. These lights are an excellent way to create a focal point in gardens or to draw attention to a particular area.
Well lights are in ground lights that are installed in a well or sleeve, they can also be called recessed lights due to how they’re installed. These lights are designed to provide a broad wash of light and are ideal for illuminating large areas such as driveways, walkways, and patios. Well lights can also be used to highlight architectural features such as columns or statues.
Beacon lights are in ground lights designed to provide a directional signal. These lights are ideal for illuminating the edges of walkways, driveways, and other areas that require clear direction.
In grade fixtures can be used to highlight the edges of a pathway, making it easier to see where the path begins and ends. They can also be used for driveways, but are typically larger than those used for pathways and walkways, so they can withstand the weight of vehicles without being damaged. The bigger size also allows for higher wattages.
In ground lighting can also be used to highlight trees in your outdoor space. By installing lights at the base of a tree, a focal point is created, and the greenery can stand out at night. In ground lighting for trees is available in a variety of colours, so the tree’s foliage can be highlighted. These luminaires can also be used to create a dramatic effect by lighting up the trunk and branches of the tree.
Another application for in grade luminaires is in water features such as fountains and reflecting pools. The recessed installation provides a concealed look to the fixture while still delivering a powerful amount of light once the night comes.
In ground outdoor lighting comes in a variety of styles and sizes, and it’s important to choose the right lights for each purpose. For example, when highlighting a specific feature of the landscape, choosing in grade lights that are suitable in size, wattage, and colour temperature is important. Bigger features, such as large trees, gated entryways, large columns, or large aquatic features, usually require a higher wattage to cover more ground.
Another consideration when it comes to in ground outdoor lighting is whether dimmable or non-dimmable lights. Dimmable lights allow the adjustment of the brightness of the luminaires, which can be useful in case of a change in the ambiance or lighting needs. Non-dimmable lights, on the other hand, provide a consistent level of illumination, which can be beneficial if there’s no need to alter the light.
Finally, it’s important to choose the right light colour and brightness for in ground outdoor lighting. The colour of the light can have a significant impact on the overall ambiance of outdoor spaces. For example, warm white lights can create a cozy and inviting atmosphere, while cool white lights can create a modern and sophisticated ambiance.
One of the most common uses of outdoor in ground lighting is to illuminate gardens and landscapes. In ground lights can be used to highlight specific features of a garden, such as trees, shrubs, and floral arrangements. Another popular use of outdoor in ground lighting is to illuminate pathways and walkways. These lights can be installed flush with the ground, creating a seamless and unobtrusive appearance during the day. At night, however, these lights can provide a safe and well-lit path for pedestrians, reducing the risk of accidents and injuries.
2. What type of in ground lighting should I use for my projects?
Choosing the luminaire needed for a project depends on a lot of factors, including area size, the desired light effect, and if it will be installed underwater. Most projects will use a combination of lights to produce the wanted effect, especially if the space has different needs.
For small pockets of light or for accent lighting, small or compact luminaires are better suited. These are usually between 1-2W and work well to highlight smaller greenery, short steps or stairs, and small to medium-sized sculptures.
For wall washing, medium and large-sized luminaires are recommended, it depends on the length and height of the wall that needs to be illuminated, but for average heights (think one story high), a standard medium-sized in grade light works, while for taller heights (think 2+ stories high), bigger luminaires and their higher wattages are best.
For pathways, walkways, and driveways, the size and trim of the in grade outdoor light matter. For places where glare is a concern, half-trim luminaires and luminaires with an aperture are highly recommended as they still provide great lighting but with little to no glare – making for a more comfortable visual experience in the space.
If the in ground luminaire will be situated underwater, it needs to be rated underwater safe and have an IP rating of at least 68 to ensure public safety. The size depends on the length and width of the water feature, bigger spaces mean bigger fixtures.
3. How deep should you bury outdoor lighting wires?
The depth of bury for outdoor lighting wires varies based on the type of wire and location. Typically, low-voltage wires need to be buried 6-8 inches deep, while high-voltage wires need to be buried 18-24 inches deep, though these numbers may vary based on local building codes and regulations. Additionally, when burying wires near a body of water, such as a pool, you may need to bury them deeper to comply with safety regulations.
4. How much space should you leave between in ground lighting luminaires?
The spacing between in ground lighting luminaires is important as it can affect the overall lighting effect. If the luminaires are spaced too far apart, the lighting may be too dim and inconsistent. On the other hand, if the luminaires are spaced too close together, the lighting may be too bright and overwhelming.
A general rule of thumb for spacing between in ground lighting luminaires is to place them approximately 8 to 10 feet apart. This spacing provides adequate lighting coverage while avoiding over- or under-illumination. However, it is important to consider the specific needs of your space and adjust the spacing accordingly.
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