What is an O ring: materials and operation

15 Dec.,2023

 

What is an O-ring?

The O ring is a seal that is ring-shaped with a round cross-section, like a donut. They are basically rubber rings used as seals. O-rings are among the most widely used seals in machinery and equipment, as they are cheap, easy to produce, reliable and easy to fit. The material from which an O-Ring is made is primarily an elastomer. For this reason, the O-Ring is also known as the rubber O-Ring or rubber rings. O-rings can also be manufactured in LSR, other thermoplastic materials, FKM (Viton O-ring) and in metal, both solid and hollow. This article tells you everything you need to know about O-rings.

Operation of the O ring

The O-ring is used as a seal in a groove that is milled or turned in the construction. When the (rubber) O-ring is pressed, it is deformed. In this way, an O-ring seals the two parts on the part surface with each other. If the regular O-ring is not sufficient, flat rubber rings can also be used. In most cases, the connection is static, but it can also be dynamic. Because the O-ring is flexible, it easily adapts to the tolerances in the construction to be sealed.

In construction, rubber O-rings are one of the most important elements. Usually invisible, they have to complete their task. They are available in various metric and inch sizes, whereby the inch sizes are the most common and are also widely used in Europe. It is also possible, as mentioned earlier, to obtain flat rubber O-rings.

O-rings: what materials can they be made of?

O-rings or rubber rings can be produced from a variety of materials. Some examples are:

  • Nitrile (NBR or Buna-N)
  • Siliconen (VMQ)
  • EPDM
  • Neopreen
  • FKM (Viton ®)
  • FFKM (Kalrez®)
  • Fluorsilicone (FVMQ)
  • Polyurethaan (AU, EU)

Depending on the application, the right material can be chosen. On our website you will find a chemical resistance list that you can consult. The specialists at Sealution will be happy to advise you.

It is not always possible to use standard O rings. When in existing situations a seal is needed that has specific requirements, a standard O ring can no longer satisfy. Think of bridging large tolerances, easier assembly, lower friction or of course a non-round shape of the construction.

In this case we can do an inventory for you and if necessary design a special custom-made seal for your application. We prefer to be involved at the beginning of the development of a new device so that we can use our experience to come to the best solution.

Other properties

Applications

  • Static axial (flange seal)
  • Static radial (shaft seal)
  • Dynamic
    • Linear (piston/rod seal)
    • Rotating (shaft seal)
    • Oscillating (shaft seal)

Pressure

  • Static up to 50 bar, above with Back-Up rings
  • Dynamic up to 50 bar

Temperatures

  • -60°C to 320°C

Media

  • Depending on the choice of material, O Rings can be used in all chemical applications

All the benefits of O ring seals at a glance

  • Sealing with a wide range of pressures, temperatures and tolerances
  • Easy to use
  • Standard dimensions and groove dimensions
  • Compact and lightweight
  • Long life
  • Distortion possible over a wide range and compensates for tolerances
  • Cheap

Want to know more about o-rings?

Are you interested in rubber O-rings? Please feel free to contact us using the contact form below. Sealution is specialised in the development and production of rubber seals, silicones and plastic products, especially for the sealing technology.

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