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Elastomers such as EPDM have physical characteristics in tensile strength, elongation and compression set. It also has an ASTM D2000, which is the code for American Society for Testing and Materials. It’s these who established ASTM D2000 and this is the standard classification for rubber products in automotive applications. This isn’t just about the automotive industry, either. You can find it in medical applications, construction and in aerospace, too. A durometer is the standard way that a rubber or plastic material is measured for hardness, and this is used with a scale between 0 and 100 and the higher this number measures, the harder the compound is. The standard for EPDM is 70 Shore A. This means anything less is softer and anything more is harder, and the usual ASTM D2000 specification is 70, with the number ranging from 30 to 90 Shore A.
The usual ASTM D2000 specification for EPDM is 2031 psi, with a typical value of 500-2500 psi. This refers to the tensile strength of the resistance of a material to stretch. At breaking point, this is expressed as pounds per inch. The elongation of EPDM is 600% before it gets to breaking point. It’s reflective of the size of the product at the space it breaks vs its starting point. There’s no specific ASTM D2000 requirement for elongation, however, which is why it has a fairly wide margin for error.
The compression set – the amount of deformation over time that’s permanent when a material is compressed at a specific temperature and time. EPDM has an ASTM D2000 requirement using a compression set of 22 hours at 125x, with a permanent set of 25%. This is the percentage of the original compression that’s not recovered.
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